Glossary

QALITY

EDIFACT Quality data message

QAT

Qatar (Flag)

QC

Quality Coordinator.

QD

Quadruple Screw

QE

ABS Quality Evaluations.

QFD

See Quality Function Deployment.

QI

Qualified Individual (OPA 90)

QIT

Quality Improvement Team.

QN

Quintuple Screw

QR

See Quick Response.

QSC

Quality Steering Committee.

QSCS

Quality System Certification System.

Qualifier

A data element, which identifies or defines a related element, set of elements or a segment. The qualifier contains a code from a list of approved codes.

Qualitative Forecasting Techniques

In forecasting, an approach that is based on intuitive or judgmental evaluation. It is used generally when data are scarce, not available, or no longer relevant. Common types of qualitative techniques include: personal insight, sales force estimates, panel consensus, market research, visionary forecasting, and the Delphi method. Examples include developing long-range projections and new product introduction.

Quality

Conformance to requirements or fitness for use. Quality can be defined through five principal approaches: 1) Transcendent quality is an ideal, a condition of excellence. 2) Product-based quality is based on a product attribute. 3) User-based quality is fitness for use. 4) Manufacturing-based quality is conformance to requirements. 5) Value-based quality is the degree of excellence to an acceptable price. Also, quality has two major components: a)

Quality Assurance

A program planned to provide that goods purchased may be inspected and/or tested so that compliance with specifications may be determined.

Quality Circle

In quality management, a small group of people who normally work as a unit and meet frequently to uncover and solve problems concerning the quality of items produced, process capability, or process control. Also see: Small Group Improvement Activity.

Quality control

The management function that attempts to ensure that the foods or services manufactured or purchased meet the product or service specifications

Quality Control:

The management function that attempts to ensure that the goods or services in a firm manufacturers or purchases meet the product or service specifications.

Quality Function Deployment

A structured method for translating user requirements into detailed design specifications using a continual stream of ‘what-how’ matrices. QFD links the needs of the customer with design, development, engineering, manufacturing, and service functions. It helps organizations seek out both spoken and unspoken needs, translate these into actions and designs, and focus various business functions toward achieving this common goal.

Quality Function Deployment (QFD)

A structured method for translating user requirements into detailed design specifications using a continual stream of 'what-how' matrices. QFD links the needs of the customer (end user) with design, development, engineering, manufacturing, and service functions. It helps organizations seek out both spoken and unspoken needs, translate these into actions and designs, and focus various business functions toward achieving this common goal.

Quantitative Forecasting Techniques

An approach to forecasting where historical demand data is used to project future demand. Extrinsic and intrinsic techniques are typically used. Also see: Extrinsic Forecasting Method, Intrinsic Forecasting Method

Quantity Based Order System

See Fixed Reorder Quantity Inventory Model

Quarantine

The setting aside of items from availability for use or sale until all required quality tests have been performed and conformance certified.

Quarantine Stock

Stock being withheld from normal distribution due to product recall, inadequate documentation, contamination or other good reason.

Quay

A pier, wharf or other structure built along a shore for landing, loading and unloading boats or ships.

Quick Response

A strategy widely adopted by general merchandise and soft lines retailers and manufacturers to reduce retail out-of-stocks, forced markdowns and operating expenses. These goals are accomplished through shipping accuracy and reduced response time. QR is a partnership strategy in which suppliers and retailers work together to respond more rapidly to the consumer by sharing point-of-sale scan data, enabling both to forecast replenishment needs. 2. A consumer-driven system of replenishment in which high-quality products and accurate information flow through a paperless system between all distribution points from the manufacturing line to the retail checkout counter. Distributors, carriers and suppliers act as trading partners and focus on improving the total supply system.

Quick Response (QR)

A strategy widely adopted by general merchandise and soft lines retailers and manufacturers to reduce retail out of stocks, forced markdowns, and operating expenses. These goals are accomplished through shipping accuracy and reduced response time. QR is a partnership strategy in which suppliers and retailers work together to respond more rapidly to the consumer by sharing point-of-sale scan data, enabling both to forecast replenishment needs.

Quick Response Program

A system of linking final retail sales with production and shipping schedules back through the chain of supply, employs point-of-sale scanning and electronic data interchange, and may use direct shipment from a factory to a retailer.

Quitclaim

A legal instrument used to release one person’s right, title or interest to another without providing a guarantee or warranty of title.

QUOTES

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